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Localisation of Cortical Function
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For convenience this has been organised per lobe:
Frontal lobe.
The frontal lobe connects with motor and sensory areas and the limbic system.
Functions |
Dysfunctions |
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Motor area |
Controls contralateral movement. | Contralateral spastic paresis. |
Broca's area |
Speech | Motor aphasia |
Prefrontal area |
Critical for personality, abstract thought, judgement. | "Frontal lobe syndrome": disinhibited, facetious humour, apathy, distractible perseveration, urinary incontinence. |
Temporal lobe.
Functions |
Dysfunctions |
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Hippocampus |
Episodic memory | Bilateral lesions cause a dysmnestic syndrome. |
Wernicke's Area |
Comprehension of language | Sensory aphasia |
Parietal lobe.
Functions |
Dysfunctions |
| Receives and identifies tactile information. | Cortical sensory loss e.g. (impaired two point discrimination). |
| Processes visual and auditory sensations. | Agnosias and apraxias. Dominant: right-left orientation, literacy and numeracy impaired. |
| Planning and sequencing of motor acts. | Non-dominant loss visuospatial and body awareness, left spatial neglect, anosagnosia and autotopagnosia. |
Occipital lobe.
Functions |
Dysfunctions |
| Interprets visual images. | Disturbed spatial orientation. Visual illusions and hallucinations. Cortical blindness. |
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